Metadata

Name Cataract (cataract)
Category Eye
Sex
Adult Yes
UUID b2fa8fc0-8135-4066-95d1-1029eeb0963d
Definition Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence).

Ontologies

Disease Ontology (DOID) DOID_83
GWAS Catalogue EFO_0001059
MeSH D002386
SNOMED-CT 193570009
FinnGen H7_LENS

Key Summary Statistics

Cases from any source

Total 64203
Female (%) 37068 (58%)
Male (%) 27135 (42%)

Year first recorded

cataract year of first event

Cases linked in all UK Biobank sources

Cross-source concordance

Vertical bars correspond to number of cases per source/intersection; horizontal bars to left correspond to total number of cases per source.

Cross-sourced cataract cases

Incidence & prevalence

Sex and age-stratified incidence and prevalence of cataract

Baseline prevalence stratified by sex

Female 345.38 (333.09,357.67)
Male 344.1 (330.74,357.47)

Incidence stratified by sex

Female 73.85 (71.55,76.14)
Male 68.17 (65.76,70.58)

Incidence stratified by age

Ages 40-44 8.91 (7.05,10.78)
Ages 45-49 13.59 (11.61,15.57)
Ages 50-54 26.28 (23.73,28.83)
Ages 55-59 52.71 (49.4,56.01)
Ages 60-64 98.23 (94.28,102.17)
Ages 65-69 172.27 (166.13,178.42)

Period prevalence

Methods

Comparison with general population

Sex-standardised prevalence from CALIBER study (Kuan et al. 2019)

CALIBER and UKB cataract prevalence comparison for multiple age groups

Population Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
UK Biobank 114 (104,125) 329 (316,344) 1009 (989,1030)
CALIBER 92 (90,95) 297 (292,302) 946 (936,956)

Stratified by age and Townsend deprivation status

Deprivation status Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
Least deprived 96(74,121) 282(253,312) 928(886,972)
Low 92(71,118) 267(240,297) 916(874,959)
Medium 114(91,141) 348(317,382) 952(909,997)
High 111(90,136) 323(293,355) 1079(1030,1129)
Most deprived 142(120,167) 420(386,457) 1220(1166,1275)

Stratified by age and country

Country Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
England 114(103,126) 335(319,351) 1031(1008,1054)
Scotland 125(95,160) 305(270,344) 907(851,966)
Wales 94(62,136) 317(271,369) 945(874,1020)

Risk factors analysis

‘Healthy’ BMI, smoking status ‘never’, or no hypertension (absence of hypertension records) were considered as reference values.

Hazard Ratio (HR) values with P < 0.0002 were considered to show significant association with disease onset after correction for multiple-testing using the Bonferroni method

N=153508, Events=407

Factor Level Hazard Ratio P value
BMI overweight 0.96 (0.75, 1.22) 0.716
BMI obese 1.36 (1.06, 1.76) 0.0167
BMI underweight 0 (0, Inf) 0.986
smoking previous 1.37 (1.1, 1.7) 0.00438
smoking current 2.14 (1.6, 2.85) 2.26e-07
hypertension yes 1.88 (1.53, 2.31) 1.47e-09

Risk factors analysis forest plot

Definition

UK Biobank field id Description Code Value
20002 Non-cancer illness code, self-reported 1278 cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H25 Senile cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H26.0 Infantile, juvenile and presenile cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H26.2 Complicated cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H26.4 After-cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H26.8 Other specified cataract
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H26.9 Cataract, unspecified
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 H28 Cataract and other disorders of lens in diseases classified elsewhere
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 Q12.0 Congenital cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H25 Senile cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H26.0 Infantile, juvenile and presenile cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H26.2 Complicated cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H26.4 After-cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H26.8 Other specified cataract
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H26.9 Cataract, unspecified
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 H28 Cataract and other disorders of lens in diseases classified elsewhere
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 Q12.0 Congenital cataract
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C71.1 Simple linear extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C71.2 Phacoemulsification of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C71.3 Aspiration of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C71.8 Other specified extracapsular extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C71.9 Unspecified extracapsular extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C72.1 Forceps extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C72.2 Suction extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C72.3 Cryoextraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C72.8 Other specified intracapsular extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C72.9 Unspecified intracapsular extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.1 Membranectomy of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.2 Capsulotomy of anterior lens capsule
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.3 Capsulotomy of posterior lens capsule
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.4 Capsulotomy of lens NEC
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.8 Other specified incision of capsule of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C73.9 Unspecified incision of capsule of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C74.1 Curettage of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C74.2 Discission of cataract
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C74.3 Mechanical lensectomy
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C74.8 Other specified other extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C74.9 Unspecified other extraction of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.1 Insertion of prosthetic replacement for lens NEC
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.2 Revision of prosthetic replacement for lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.3 Removal of prosthetic replacement for lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.4 Insertion of prosthetic replacement for lens using suture fixation
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.8 Other specified prosthesis of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C75.9 Unspecified prosthesis of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C77.1 Capsulectomy
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C77.2 Couching of lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C77.6 Insertion of capsule tension ring
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C77.8 Other specified other operations on lens
41200 Operative procedures - main OPCS4 C77.9 Unspecified other operations on lens
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C71.1 C71.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C71.2 C71.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C71.3 C71.3
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C71.8 C71.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C71.9 C71.9
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C72.1 C72.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C72.2 C72.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C72.3 C72.3
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C72.8 C72.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C72.9 C72.9
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.1 C73.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.2 C73.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.3 C73.3
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.4 C73.4
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.8 C73.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C73.9 C73.9
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C74.1 C74.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C74.2 C74.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C74.3 C74.3
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C74.8 C74.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C74.9 C74.9
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.1 C75.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.2 C75.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.3 C75.3
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.4 C75.4
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.8 C75.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C75.9 C75.9
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C77.1 C77.1
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C77.2 C77.2
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C77.6 C77.6
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C77.8 C77.8
41210 Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4 C77.9 C77.9
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H25 Senile cataract
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H26.0 Infantile, juvenile and presenile cataract
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H26.2 Complicated cataract
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H26.4 After-cataract
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H26.8 Other specified cataract
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H26.9 Cataract, unspecified
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 H28 Cataract and other disorders of lens in diseases classified elsewhere
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 Q12.0 Congenital cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H25 Senile cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H26.0 Infantile, juvenile and presenile cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H26.2 Complicated cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H26.4 After-cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H26.8 Other specified cataract
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H26.9 Cataract, unspecified
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 H28 Cataract and other disorders of lens in diseases classified elsewhere
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 Q12.0 Congenital cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 1483 H/O: cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 14N9.00 H/O: R cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records 14NA.00 H/O: L cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records 14NC.00 H/O: Bilateral cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records 22E5.00 O/E - cataract present
42040 GP clinical event records 2BT0.00 O/E - Right cataract present
42040 GP clinical event records 2BT1.00 O/E - Left cataract present
42040 GP clinical event records 2BT..00 Cataract observation
42040 GP clinical event records 7263011 Needling of lens for cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 7263.12 Extracapsular extraction of cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 7264.11 Intracapsular extraction of cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 7266100 Discission of cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 7266.11 Other extraction of cataract
42040 GP clinical event records 7267600 Cataract extraction and insertion of intraocular lens
42040 GP clinical event records 8H5H.00 Referral for cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records 8HTV.00 Referral to cataract clinic
42040 GP clinical event records 8LC0.00 Cataract operation planned
42040 GP clinical event records C108F00 Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C108F11 Type I diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C108F12 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C109E00 Non-insulin depend diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C109E11 Type II diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C109E12 Type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C10EF00 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C10EF12 Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C10FE00 Type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records C10FE11 Type II diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460000 Unspecified infantile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460100 Unspecified juvenile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460200 Unspecified presenile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460300 Anterior subcapsular polar cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460400 Posterior subcapsular polar cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460500 Cortical cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460600 Lamellar zonular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460700 Nuclear cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460.00 Infantile, juvenile and presenile cataracts
42040 GP clinical event records F460x00 Combined nonsenile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460y00 Other nonsenile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F460z00 Nonsenile cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F461000 Unspecified senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461100 Lens capsule pseudoexfoliation
42040 GP clinical event records F461200 Coronary cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461300 Punctate cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461400 Incipient cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F461500 Immature cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F461600 Anterior subcapsular polar senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461700 Posterior subcapsular polar senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461800 Cortical senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461900 Nuclear senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461A00 Total, mature senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461B00 Hypermature cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461B11 Morgagni cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461.00 Senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461x00 Combined senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461y00 Other senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F461z00 Senile cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F463000 Unspecified cataracta complicata
42040 GP clinical event records F463200 Cataract in eye inflammatory disorder
42040 GP clinical event records F463300 Cataract with neovascularization
42040 GP clinical event records F463400 Cataract in degenerative disorder
42040 GP clinical event records F463.00 Cataract secondary to ocular disease
42040 GP clinical event records F463z00 Cataract secondary to ocular disorder NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F464000 Diabetic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F464100 Tetanic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F464200 Myotonic cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F464300 Cataract associated with other syndromes
42040 GP clinical event records F464.00 Cataract due to other disorder
42040 GP clinical event records F464z00 Cataract due to other disorder NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F465000 Unspecified secondary cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F465200 Other after cataract with vision normal
42040 GP clinical event records F465300 After-cataract with vision obscured
42040 GP clinical event records F465500 Posterior capsule opacification
42040 GP clinical event records F465.00 After cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F465z00 After cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F466.00 Bilateral cataracts
42040 GP clinical event records F46..00 Cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F46y.00 Other cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F46yz00 Other cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F46z000 Immature cortical cataract
42040 GP clinical event records F46z.00 Cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F4B4B00 Keratopathy following cataract surgery
42040 GP clinical event records F4B4C00 Bullous aphakic keratopathy following cataract surgery
42040 GP clinical event records F4K2D00 Vitreous syndrome following cataract surgery
42040 GP clinical event records FyuE000 [X]Other senile cataract
42040 GP clinical event records FyuE100 [X]Other specified cataract
42040 GP clinical event records FyuE400 [X]Cataract in other diseases classified elsewhere
42040 GP clinical event records P330.00 Congenital cataract, unspecified
42040 GP clinical event records P331000 Capsular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P331100 Subcapsular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P331.00 Capsular and subcapsular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P331z00 Capsular or subcapsular cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records P332000 Cortical cataract - congenital
42040 GP clinical event records P332100 Zonular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P332.00 Cortical and zonular cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P332z00 Cortical or zonular cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records P333.00 Nuclear cataract - congenital
42040 GP clinical event records P334000 Total congenital cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P334z00 Total or subtotal congenital cataract NOS
42040 GP clinical event records P33..00 Congenital cataract and lens anomalies
42040 GP clinical event records P33y000 Blue dot cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P33y100 Congenital membranous cataract
42040 GP clinical event records P33y.00 Other specified congenital cataract or lens anomaly
42040 GP clinical event records P33yz00 Other congenital cataract or lens anomaly NOS
42040 GP clinical event records P33z.00 Congenital cataract or lens anomaly NOS
42040 GP clinical event records ZV45611 [V]State following cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records X75kW Cataract observation
42040 GP clinical event records XE1Ju Congenital cataract and lens anomalies
42040 GP clinical event records XaD2a Immature cortical cataract
42040 GP clinical event records XaJtv Referral to cataract clinic
42040 GP clinical event records XaJLZ Referral for cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records XE0BR Simple linear extraction of lens
42040 GP clinical event records XaBLP O/E - Left cataract present
42040 GP clinical event records XaBL5 H/O: R cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records XaBL6 H/O: L cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records XaYiR Keratopathy following cataract surgery
42040 GP clinical event records XaIsW H/O: Bilateral cataract extraction
42040 GP clinical event records XE16G Hypermature cataract
42040 GP clinical event records XaBLO O/E - Right cataract present
42040 GP clinical event records XaYiQ Bullous aphakic keratopathy following cataract surgery
42040 GP clinical event records X00XH Cataract extraction and insertion of intraocular lens
42040 GP clinical event records XaNko Cataract operation planned