Metadata

Name Epilepsy (epilepsy)
Category Neurological
Sex
Adult Yes
UUID 010c6d5a-4fe4-41f1-872e-bde3d48921b1
Definition A brain disorder characterized by episodes of abnormally increased neuronal discharge resulting in transient episodes of sensory or motor neurological dysfunction, or psychic dysfunction. These episodes may or may not be associated with loss of consciousness or convulsions.

Ontologies

Disease Ontology (DOID) DOID_1826
GWAS Catalogue EFO_0000474
MeSH D004827
SNOMED-CT 84757009
FinnGen G6_EPLEPSY

Key Summary Statistics

Cases from any source

Total 8832
Female (%) 4374 (50%)
Male (%) 4458 (50%)

Year first recorded

epilepsy year of first event

Cases linked in all UK Biobank sources

Cross-source concordance

Vertical bars correspond to number of cases per source/intersection; horizontal bars to left correspond to total number of cases per source.

Cross-sourced epilepsy cases

Incidence & prevalence

Sex and age-stratified incidence and prevalence of epilepsy

Baseline prevalence stratified by sex

Female 126.95 (119.42,134.49)
Male 146.15 (137.35,154.95)

Incidence stratified by sex

Female 3.2 (2.74,3.67)
Male 4.04 (3.46,4.61)

Incidence stratified by age

Ages 40-44 3.06 (1.97,4.16)
Ages 45-49 2.48 (1.64,3.33)
Ages 50-54 2.63 (1.82,3.43)
Ages 55-59 2.95 (2.18,3.73)
Ages 60-64 3.35 (2.64,4.05)
Ages 65-69 6.26 (5.16,7.37)

Period prevalence

Methods

Comparison with general population

Sex-standardised prevalence from CALIBER study (Kuan et al. 2019)

CALIBER and UKB epilepsy prevalence comparison for multiple age groups

Population Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
UK Biobank 159 (147,171) 161 (152,171) 159 (151,168)
CALIBER 198 (195,202) 201 (197,205) 212 (208,217)

Stratified by age and Townsend deprivation status

Deprivation status Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
Least deprived 108(85,135) 126(107,147) 132(116,149)
Low 123(98,151) 128(109,149) 142(126,160)
Medium 130(106,159) 154(133,177) 158(141,177)
High 161(136,189) 156(135,179) 154(136,173)
Most deprived 233(205,265) 239(214,267) 221(198,246)

Stratified by age and country

Country Ages 40-49 Ages 50-59 Ages 60-69
England 160(147,174) 162(151,173) 159(150,168)
Scotland 144(113,182) 162(136,191) 165(141,191)
Wales 169(126,222) 154(122,192) 156(128,189)

Risk factors analysis

‘Healthy’ BMI, smoking status ‘never’, or no hypertension (absence of hypertension records) were considered as reference values.

Hazard Ratio (HR) values with P < 0.0002 were considered to show significant association with disease onset after correction for multiple-testing using the Bonferroni method

N=153420, Events=132

Factor Level Hazard Ratio P value
BMI overweight 0.98 (0.66, 1.47) 0.928
BMI obese 1.08 (0.69, 1.7) 0.735
BMI underweight 0 (0, Inf) 0.992
smoking previous 1.16 (0.78, 1.73) 0.462
smoking current 2.27 (1.45, 3.57) 0.000355
hypertension yes 1.19 (0.76, 1.85) 0.449

Risk factors analysis forest plot

Definition

UK Biobank field id Description Code Value
20002 Non-cancer illness code, self-reported 1264 epilepsy
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 G40 Epilepsy
41202 Diagnoses - main ICD10 G41 Status epilepticus
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 G40 Epilepsy
41204 Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 G41 Status epilepticus
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 G40 Epilepsy
40001 Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 G41 Status epilepticus
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 G40 Epilepsy
40002 Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 G41 Status epilepticus
42040 GP clinical event records 1473.00 H/O: epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records 1B1W.00 Transient epileptic amnesia
42040 GP clinical event records 1O30.00 Epilepsy confirmed
42040 GP clinical event records 2126000.0 Epilepsy resolved
42040 GP clinical event records 212J.00 Epilepsy resolved
42040 GP clinical event records 6110.00 Contraceptive advice for patients with epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records 6674.00 Epilepsy associated problems
42040 GP clinical event records 667..00 Epilepsy monitoring
42040 GP clinical event records 6677.00 Epilepsy drug side effects
42040 GP clinical event records 6678.00 Epilepsy treatment changed
42040 GP clinical event records 6679.00 Epilepsy treatment started
42040 GP clinical event records 667A.00 Epilepsy treatment stopped
42040 GP clinical event records 667B.00 Nocturnal epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records 667C.00 Epilepsy control good
42040 GP clinical event records 667D.00 Epilepsy control poor
42040 GP clinical event records 667E.00 Epilepsy care arrangement
42040 GP clinical event records 667F.00 Seizure free >12 months
42040 GP clinical event records 667G.00 Epilepsy restricts employment
42040 GP clinical event records 667H.00 Epilepsy prevents employment
42040 GP clinical event records 667J.00 Epilepsy impairs education
42040 GP clinical event records 667K.00 Epilepsy limits activities
42040 GP clinical event records 667L.00 Epilepsy does not limit activities
42040 GP clinical event records 667M.00 Epilepsy management plan given
42040 GP clinical event records 667N.00 Epilepsy severity
42040 GP clinical event records 667P.00 No seizures on treatment
42040 GP clinical event records 667Q.00 1 to 12 seizures a year
42040 GP clinical event records 667R.00 2 to 4 seizures a month
42040 GP clinical event records 667S.00 1 to 7 seizures a week
42040 GP clinical event records 667T.00 Daily seizures
42040 GP clinical event records 667V.00 Many seizures a day
42040 GP clinical event records 667W.00 Emergency epilepsy treatment since last appointment
42040 GP clinical event records 667X.00 No epilepsy drug side effects
42040 GP clinical event records 667Z.00 Epilepsy monitoring NOS
42040 GP clinical event records 67AF.00 Pregnancy advice for patients with epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records 67IJ000 Pre-conception advice for patients with epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records 8BIF.00 Epilepsy medication review
42040 GP clinical event records 9Of3.00 Epilepsy monitoring verbal invite
42040 GP clinical event records 9Of4.00 Epilepsy monitoring telephone invite
42040 GP clinical event records 9Of5.00 Epilepsy monitoring call first letter
42040 GP clinical event records 9Of6.00 Epilepsy monitoring call second letter
42040 GP clinical event records 9Of7.00 Epilepsy monitoring call third letter
42040 GP clinical event records Eu05212 [X]Schizophrenia-like psychosis in epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records Eu05y11 [X]Epileptic psychosis NOS
42040 GP clinical event records Eu06013 [X]Limbic epilepsy personality
42040 GP clinical event records Eu80300 [X]Acquired aphasia with epilepsy [Landau - Kleffner]
42040 GP clinical event records F132100 Progressive myoclonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F132111 Unverricht - Lundborg disease
42040 GP clinical event records F132200 Myoclonic encephalopathy
42040 GP clinical event records F142200 Dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica
42040 GP clinical event records F250000 Petit mal (minor) epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F250011 Epileptic absences
42040 GP clinical event records F250100 Pykno-epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F250200 Epileptic seizures - atonic
42040 GP clinical event records F250300 Epileptic seizures - akinetic
42040 GP clinical event records F250400 Juvenile absence epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F250500 Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F250.00 Generalised nonconvulsive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F250y00 Other specified generalised nonconvulsive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F250z00 Generalised nonconvulsive epilepsy NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F251000 Grand mal (major) epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251011 Tonic-clonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251100 Neonatal myoclonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251111 Otohara syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F251200 Epileptic seizures - clonic
42040 GP clinical event records F251300 Epileptic seizures - myoclonic
42040 GP clinical event records F251400 Epileptic seizures - tonic
42040 GP clinical event records F251500 Tonic-clonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251.00 Generalised convulsive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251y00 Other specified generalised convulsive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F251z00 Generalised convulsive epilepsy NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F252.00 Petit mal status
42040 GP clinical event records F253.00 Grand mal status
42040 GP clinical event records F253.11 Status epilepticus
42040 GP clinical event records F254000 Temporal lobe epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F254100 Psychomotor epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F254200 Psychosensory epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F254300 Limbic system epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F254400 Epileptic automatism
42040 GP clinical event records F254500 Complex partial epileptic seizure
42040 GP clinical event records F254.00 Partial epilepsy with impairment of consciousness
42040 GP clinical event records F254z00 Partial epilepsy with impairment of consciousness NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F255000 Jacksonian, focal or motor epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255011 Focal epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255012 Motor epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255100 Sensory induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255200 Somatosensory epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255300 Visceral reflex epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255311 Partial epilepsy with autonomic symptoms
42040 GP clinical event records F255400 Visual reflex epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255500 Unilateral epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F255600 Simple partial epileptic seizure
42040 GP clinical event records F255.00 Partial epilepsy without impairment of consciousness
42040 GP clinical event records F255y00 Partial epilepsy without impairment of consciousness OS
42040 GP clinical event records F255z00 Partial epilepsy without impairment of consciousness NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F256000 Hypsarrhythmia
42040 GP clinical event records F256100 Salaam attacks
42040 GP clinical event records F256.00 Infantile spasms
42040 GP clinical event records F256.11 Lightning spasms
42040 GP clinical event records F256.12 West syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F256z00 Infantile spasms NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F257.00 Kojevnikov’s epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F258.00 Post-ictal state
42040 GP clinical event records F259.00 Early infant epileptic encephalopathy wth suppression bursts
42040 GP clinical event records F259.11 Ohtahara syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F25A.00 Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25B.00 Alcohol-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25C.00 Drug-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25D.00 Menstrual epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25E.00 Stress-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25..00 Epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25F.00 Photosensitive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25G.00 Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy
42040 GP clinical event records F25G.11 Dravet syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F25X.00 Status epilepticus, unspecified
42040 GP clinical event records F25y000 Cursive (running) epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25y100 Gelastic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25y200 Locl-rlt(foc)(part)idiop epilep&epilptic syn seiz locl onset
42040 GP clinical event records F25y300 Complex partial status epilepticus
42040 GP clinical event records F25y400 Benign Rolandic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25y500 Panayiotopoulos syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records F25y.00 Other forms of epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records F25yz00 Other forms of epilepsy NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F25z.00 Epilepsy NOS
42040 GP clinical event records F25z.11 Fit (in known epileptic) NOS
42040 GP clinical event records Fyu5000 [X]Other generalized epilepsy and epileptic syndromes
42040 GP clinical event records Fyu5100 [X]Other epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records Fyu5200 [X]Other status epilepticus
42040 GP clinical event records Fyu5900 [X]Status epilepticus, unspecified
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBn Epilepsy confirmed
42040 GP clinical event records XaJ7s Seizure free >12 months
42040 GP clinical event records Xa3Dv Post-ictal state
42040 GP clinical event records XaMFq Epilepsy monitoring telephone invite
42040 GP clinical event records X006x Nocturnal epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XE15a Epilepsy NOS
42040 GP clinical event records XaFji Epilepsy control poor
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBZ Epilepsy does not limit activities
42040 GP clinical event records X007G Complex partial status epilepticus
42040 GP clinical event records X006e Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression bursts
42040 GP clinical event records XaFjh Epilepsy control good
42040 GP clinical event records XaJgP Stress-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records X006n Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy
42040 GP clinical event records XaRFW Pre-conception advice for patients with epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records X006t Drug-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBa Epilepsy management plan given
42040 GP clinical event records 21260 Epilepsy resolved
42040 GP clinical event records XaJtH No epilepsy drug side effects
42040 GP clinical event records XaJFI Complex partial epileptic seizure
42040 GP clinical event records X006y Photosensitive epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBe 2 to 4 seizures a month
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBb Epilepsy severity
42040 GP clinical event records XaJB6 Epilepsy impairs education
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBh Many seizures a day
42040 GP clinical event records XaIyV Epilepsy medication review
42040 GP clinical event records XaB4S Jacksonian, focal or motor epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records X006L Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaIu1 Epilepsy care arrangement
42040 GP clinical event records XaLMp Epilepsy monitoring call second letter
42040 GP clinical event records X006Q Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBY Epilepsy limits activities
42040 GP clinical event records XaJB4 Epilepsy restricts employment
42040 GP clinical event records XaL2B Simple partial epileptic seizure
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBd 1 to 12 seizures a year
42040 GP clinical event records XaJB5 Epilepsy prevents employment
42040 GP clinical event records XaB4T Psychomotor epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaLMo Epilepsy monitoring call first letter
42040 GP clinical event records XaLMq Epilepsy monitoring call third letter
42040 GP clinical event records X006u Alcohol-induced epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaQbJ Petit mal (minor) epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaQbJ Petit mal (minor) epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records X006K Juvenile absence epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaRFX Pregnancy advice for patients with epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBg Daily seizures
42040 GP clinical event records XaOZG Panayiotopoulos syndrome
42040 GP clinical event records X006w Menstrual epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaIt0 Transient epileptic amnesia
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBf 1 to 7 seizures a week
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBc No seizures on treatment
42040 GP clinical event records XE15I Progressive myoclonic epilepsy
42040 GP clinical event records XaJBi Emergency epilepsy treatment since last appointment
42040 GP clinical event records XaKby Epilepsy monitoring verbal invite
42040 GP clinical event records XE1Z9 [X]Other specified mental disorder due to brain damage and dysfunction and to physical disease