Glaucoma

Metadata

Name	Glaucoma (glaucoma)
Category	Eye
Sex
Adult	Yes
UUID	2448260d-7281-427b-b908-71c6341a4f76
Definition	Glaucoma is a common eye condition where the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain, becomes damaged.

Ontologies

Disease Ontology (DOID)	DOID_1686
GWAS Catalogue	EFO_0000516
MeSH	D005901
SNOMED-CT	23986001
FinnGen	H7_GLAUCOMA

Key Summary Statistics

Cases from any source

Total	17587
Female (%)	8838 (50%)
Male (%)	8749 (50%)

Year first recorded

Cases linked in all UK Biobank sources

Cross-source concordance

Vertical bars correspond to number of cases per source/intersection; horizontal bars to left correspond to total number of cases per source.

Incidence & prevalence

Baseline prevalence stratified by sex

Female	177.41 (168.52,186.29)
Male	230.57 (219.56,241.58)

Incidence stratified by sex

Female	16.04 (14.99,17.1)
Male	17.09 (15.9,18.28)

Incidence stratified by age

Ages 40-44	3.03 (1.95,4.12)
Ages 45-49	6.73 (5.34,8.12)
Ages 50-54	9.19 (7.68,10.69)
Ages 55-59	14.11 (12.41,15.81)
Ages 60-64	23.02 (21.14,24.89)
Ages 65-69	30.2 (27.73,32.67)

Period prevalence

Methods

Comparison with general population

Sex-standardised prevalence from CALIBER study (Kuan et al. 2019)

Population	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
UK Biobank	57 (50,65)	155 (146,165)	348 (336,361)
CALIBER	48 (46,50)	130 (126,133)	319 (313,325)

Stratified by age and Townsend deprivation status

Deprivation status	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
Least deprived	43(29,61)	151(130,174)	346(321,374)
Low	54(38,74)	135(116,157)	348(322,375)
Medium	46(32,65)	147(126,169)	330(304,357)
High	58(43,76)	155(134,178)	348(320,377)
Most deprived	77(61,96)	186(164,211)	374(344,405)

Stratified by age and country

Country	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
England	58(50,67)	158(147,169)	354(340,368)
Scotland	43(26,65)	123(101,148)	295(263,330)
Wales	77(48,117)	182(147,222)	373(329,421)

Risk factors analysis

‘Healthy’ BMI, smoking status ‘never’, or no hypertension (absence of hypertension records) were considered as reference values.

Hazard Ratio (HR) values with P < 0.0002 were considered to show significant association with disease onset after correction for multiple-testing using the Bonferroni method

N=153508, Events=407

Factor	Level	Hazard Ratio	P value
BMI	overweight	0.96 (0.75, 1.22)	0.716
BMI	obese	1.36 (1.06, 1.76)	0.0167
BMI	underweight	0 (0, Inf)	0.986
smoking	previous	1.37 (1.1, 1.7)	0.00438
smoking	current	2.14 (1.6, 2.85)	2.26e-07
hypertension	yes	1.88 (1.53, 2.31)	1.47e-09

Definition

UK Biobank field id	Description	Code	Value
20002	Non-cancer illness code, self-reported	1277	glaucoma
20004	Operation code	1436	glaucoma surgery/trabeculectomy
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	H40.1	Primary open-angle glaucoma
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	H40.2	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	H40.9	Glaucoma, unspecified
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	H40.1	Primary open-angle glaucoma
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	H40.2	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	H40.9	Glaucoma, unspecified
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.1	Trabeculectomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.2	Inclusion of iris
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.3	Fixation of iris
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.4	Iridoplasty NEC
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.5	Insertion of tube into anterior chamber of eye to assist drainage of aqueous humour
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.6	Viscocanulostomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.8	Other specified filtering operations on iris
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C60.9	Unspecified filtering operations on iris
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.1	Laser trabeculoplasty
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.2	Trabeculotomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.3	Goniotomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.4	Goniopuncture
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.5	Viscogonioplasty
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.8	Other specified other operations on trabecular meshwork of eye
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C61.9	Unspecified other operations on trabecular meshwork of eye
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.1	Iridosclerotomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.2	Surgical iridotomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.3	Laser iridotomy
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.4	Correction iridodialysis NEC
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.8	Other specified incision of iris
41200	Operative procedures - main OPCS4	C62.9	Unspecified incision of iris
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.1	C60.1
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.2	C60.2
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.3	C60.3
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.4	C60.4
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.5	C60.5
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.6	C60.6
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.8	C60.8
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C60.9	C60.9
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.1	C61.1
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.2	C61.2
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.3	C61.3
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.4	C61.4
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.5	C61.5
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.8	C61.8
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C61.9	C61.9
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.1	C62.1
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.2	C62.2
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.3	C62.3
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.4	C62.4
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.8	C62.8
41210	Operative procedures - secondary OPCS4	C62.9	C62.9
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	H40.1	Primary open-angle glaucoma
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	H40.2	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	H40.9	Glaucoma, unspecified
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	H40.1	Primary open-angle glaucoma
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	H40.2	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	H40.9	Glaucoma, unspecified
42040	GP clinical event records	7259000.0	Needling of bleb following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259100.0	Injection of bleb following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259200.0	Revision of bleb NEC following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259300.0	Removal of releasable suture following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259400.0	Laser suture lysis following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259.00	Operations following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259y00	Other specified operations following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	7259z00	Operations following glaucoma surgery NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	7275.00	Pan retinal photocoagulation for glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F404211	Glaucoma - absolute
42040	GP clinical event records	F450100	Open angle glaucoma with borderline intraocular pressure
42040	GP clinical event records	F451000	Unspecified open-angle glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451100	Primary open-angle glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451111	Simple chronic glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451200	Low tension glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451211	Normal pressure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451500	Open-angle glaucoma residual stage
42040	GP clinical event records	F451.00	Open-angle glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F451z00	Open-angle glaucoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	F452000	Unspecified primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452100	Intermittent primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452200	Acute primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452300	Chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452400	Primary angle-closure glaucoma residual stage
42040	GP clinical event records	F452500	Plateau iris
42040	GP clinical event records	F452.00	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452.11	Closed angle glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F452z00	Primary angle-closure glaucoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	F45..00	Glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F45y200	Low tension glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F45y.00	Other specified forms of glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	F45yz00	Other specified glaucoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	F45z.00	Glaucoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	F463100	Glaucomatous subcapsular flecks
42040	GP clinical event records	F4H1400	Optic disc glaucomatous atrophy
42040	GP clinical event records	FyuG.00	[X]Glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5n	Injection of bleb following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5o	Revision of bleb NEC following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL59	Removal of releasable suture following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	F4512	Low tension glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	X00ed	Plateau iris
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5B	Other specified operations following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5C	Operations following glaucoma surgery NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5m	Needling of bleb following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	XaL5A	Laser suture lysis following glaucoma surgery
42040	GP clinical event records	XE2a8	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	XE2a8	Primary angle-closure glaucoma
42040	GP clinical event records	XE15r	Blind hypertensive eye
5326	Ever had surgery for glaucoma or high eye pressure	2	Right eye only
5326	Ever had surgery for glaucoma or high eye pressure	3	Left eye only
5326	Ever had surgery for glaucoma or high eye pressure	4	Both eyes
5327	Ever had laser treatment for glaucoma or high eye pressure	2	Right eye only
5327	Ever had laser treatment for glaucoma or high eye pressure	3	Left eye only
5327	Ever had laser treatment for glaucoma or high eye pressure	4	Both eyes
6119	Which eye(s) affected by glaucoma	1	Right eye
6119	Which eye(s) affected by glaucoma	2	Left eye
6119	Which eye(s) affected by glaucoma	3	Both eyes
6148	Eye problems/disorders	2	Glaucoma