Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms

Metadata

Name	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms (plasmacell)
Category	Cancers
Sex
Adult	Yes
UUID	700e8625-0ac0-4408-9151-95264c2b4b18
Definition	A bone marrow-based plasma cell neoplasm characterized by a serum monoclonal protein and skeletal destruction with osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and anemia.

Ontologies

Disease Ontology (DOID)	DOID_9538
GWAS Catalogue	EFO_0001378
MeSH	D009101
SNOMED-CT	55921005
FinnGen	CD2_MULTIPLE_MYELOMA_PLASMA_CELL

Key Summary Statistics

Cases from any source

Total	1632
Female (%)	685 (42%)
Male (%)	947 (58%)

Year first recorded

Cases linked in all UK Biobank sources

Cross-source concordance

Vertical bars correspond to number of cases per source/intersection; horizontal bars to left correspond to total number of cases per source.

Incidence & prevalence

Baseline prevalence stratified by sex

Female	5.19 (3.65,6.72)
Male	8.4 (6.28,10.52)

Incidence stratified by sex

Female	1.42 (1.11,1.73)
Male	2.46 (2.02,2.91)

Incidence stratified by age

Ages 40-44	0.4 (0.01,0.8)
Ages 45-49	0.59 (0.18,1.0)
Ages 50-54	0.95 (0.47,1.43)
Ages 55-59	1.35 (0.83,1.87)
Ages 60-64	3.04 (2.37,3.7)
Ages 65-69	3.32 (2.52,4.12)

Period prevalence

Methods

Comparison with general population

Sex-standardised prevalence from CALIBER study (Kuan et al. 2019)

Population	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
UK Biobank	6 (4,10)	11 (8,14)	24 (21,28)
CALIBER	3 (2,3)	9 (8,9)	23 (21,24)

Stratified by age and Townsend deprivation status

Deprivation status	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
Least deprived	19(10,33)	10(5,17)	24(17,31)
Low	3(0,10)	11(6,19)	32(25,41)
Medium	6(2,15)	11(6,18)	21(15,29)
High	2(0,8)	8(4,15)	22(16,31)
Most deprived	3(1,9)	14(9,22)	22(15,30)

Stratified by age and country

Country	Ages 40-49	Ages 50-59	Ages 60-69
England	6(3,9)	11(8,14)	25(22,29)
Scotland	13(5,28)	9(4,17)	17(10,26)
Wales	6(1,22)	15(7,30)	25(14,40)

Risk factors analysis

‘Healthy’ BMI, smoking status ‘never’, or no hypertension (absence of hypertension records) were considered as reference values.

Hazard Ratio (HR) values with P < 0.0002 were considered to show significant association with disease onset after correction for multiple-testing using the Bonferroni method

N=153561, Events=310

Factor	Level	Hazard Ratio	P value
BMI	overweight	0.89 (0.68, 1.17)	0.406
BMI	obese	1.13 (0.84, 1.51)	0.416
BMI	underweight	0 (0, Inf)	0.987
smoking	previous	0.95 (0.75, 1.22)	0.699
smoking	current	1.05 (0.72, 1.55)	0.789
hypertension	yes	1.12 (0.87, 1.45)	0.386

Definition

UK Biobank field id	Description	Code	Value
20001	Cancer code, self-reported	1050	Multiple myeloma
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	C88.0	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	C88.2	Other heavy chain disease
41202	Diagnoses - main ICD10	C90	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	C88.0	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	C88.2	Other heavy chain disease
41204	Diagnoses - secondary ICD10	C90	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	C88.0	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	C88.2	Other heavy chain disease
40001	Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10	C90	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	C88.0	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	C88.2	Other heavy chain disease
40002	Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10	C90	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms
42040	GP clinical event records	B630000	Malignant plasma cell neoplasm, extramedullary plasmacytoma
42040	GP clinical event records	B630100	Solitary myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	B630200	Plasmacytoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	B630300	Lambda light chain myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	B630400	Solitary plasmacytoma
42040	GP clinical event records	B630.00	Multiple myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	B630.11	Kahler’s disease
42040	GP clinical event records	B630.12	Myelomatosis
42040	GP clinical event records	B631.00	Plasma cell leukaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	B63..00	Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms
42040	GP clinical event records	B63z.00	Immunoproliferative neoplasm or myeloma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	B936.11	Myeloma - solitary
42040	GP clinical event records	B936.12	Plasmacytoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	BBm6.00	[M] Alpha heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	BBmE.00	[M] Gamma heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	BBmK.00	[M]Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn0.00	[M]Plasma cell myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn0.11	[M]Multiple myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn0.12	[M]Myeloma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn0.13	[M]Myelomatosis
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn0.14	[M]Plasmacytic myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn2.00	[M]Plasmacytoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn2.11	[M]Monostotic myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn2.12	[M]Solitary myeloma
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn3.00	[M]Plasma cell tumour, malignant
42040	GP clinical event records	BBn..00	[M]Plasma cell tumours
42040	GP clinical event records	BBnz.00	[M]Plasma cell tumour NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	BBr3.00	[M]Plasma cell leukaemias
42040	GP clinical event records	BBr3z00	[M]Plasma cell leukaemia NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	C333000	Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	C333011	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	C333100	Alpha heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	C333200	Gamma heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	C333300	Heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	C333.00	Macroglobulinaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	C333z00	Macroglobulinaemia NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	XaBLx	Plasmacytoma NOS
42040	GP clinical event records	XE1wP	Neoplasm of uncertain behaviour of plasma cells
42040	GP clinical event records	Xa0SM	Heavy chain disease
42040	GP clinical event records	XaBLz	[M]Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	XaBB3	Plasma cell leukaemia
42040	GP clinical event records	XaELI	Lambda light chain myeloma
40006	Type of cancer: ICD10	C88.0	Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia
40006	Type of cancer: ICD10	C88.2	Other heavy chain disease
40006	Type of cancer: ICD10	C90	Multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms