Metadata
| Name | Pleural effusion (pleural_effusion) |
| Category | Respiratory |
| Sex | |
| Adult | Yes |
| UUID | c5320dcd-9c72-4027-9d16-a6ae79dc6cc5 |
| Definition | Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. |
Ontologies
| GWAS Catalogue | EFO_0009637 |
| MeSH | D010996 |
| SNOMED-CT | 60046008 |
| FinnGen | J10_PLEUREFFUSION |
Key Summary Statistics
Cases from any source
| Total | 15356 |
| Female (%) | 6844 (45%) |
| Male (%) | 8512 (55%) |
Year first recorded
Cases linked in all UK Biobank sources
Cross-source concordance
Vertical bars correspond to number of cases per source/intersection; horizontal bars to left correspond to total number of cases per source.
Incidence & prevalence
Baseline prevalence stratified by sex
| Female | 34.18 (30.26,38.11) |
| Male | 54.04 (48.66,59.41) |
Incidence stratified by sex
| Female | 10.77 (9.92,11.63) |
| Male | 18.48 (17.25,19.71) |
Incidence stratified by age
| Ages 40-44 | 4.33 (3.04,5.63) |
| Ages 45-49 | 5.8 (4.51,7.09) |
| Ages 50-54 | 9.53 (8.01,11.06) |
| Ages 55-59 | 12.59 (11.0,14.18) |
| Ages 60-64 | 16.99 (15.4,18.58) |
| Ages 65-69 | 26.91 (24.62,29.2) |
Period prevalence
Methods
Comparison with general population
Sex-standardised prevalence from CALIBER study (Kuan et al. 2019)
| Population | Ages 40-49 | Ages 50-59 | Ages 60-69 |
| UK Biobank | 47 (40,54) | 93 (85,101) | 171 (162,180) |
| CALIBER | 64 (62,66) | 123 (119,126) | 250 (245,255) |
Stratified by age and Townsend deprivation status
| Deprivation status | Ages 40-49 | Ages 50-59 | Ages 60-69 |
| Least deprived | 30(19,46) | 66(52,81) | 134(118,152) |
| Low | 45(30,64) | 82(66,99) | 174(156,194) |
| Medium | 43(30,61) | 99(82,117) | 163(145,183) |
| High | 45(32,62) | 96(80,115) | 162(143,182) |
| Most deprived | 63(48,80) | 119(102,140) | 232(208,257) |
Stratified by age and country
| Country | Ages 40-49 | Ages 50-59 | Ages 60-69 |
| England | 49(42,57) | 95(87,104) | 170(161,180) |
| Scotland | 32(18,53) | 72(56,92) | 172(148,199) |
| Wales | 44(23,75) | 103(77,135) | 178(148,213) |
Risk factors analysis
‘Healthy’ BMI, smoking status ‘never’, or no hypertension (absence of hypertension records) were considered as reference values.
Hazard Ratio (HR) values with P < 0.0002 were considered to show significant association with disease onset after correction for multiple-testing using the Bonferroni method
N=153513, Events=116
| Factor | Level | Hazard Ratio | P value |
| BMI | overweight | 1.85 (1.14, 2.99) | 0.0128 |
| BMI | obese | 1.9 (1.12, 3.22) | 0.0174 |
| BMI | underweight | 0 (0, Inf) | 0.993 |
| smoking | previous | 0.82 (0.53, 1.27) | 0.367 |
| smoking | current | 1.79 (1.09, 2.95) | 0.0215 |
| hypertension | yes | 1.55 (1.01, 2.37) | 0.0432 |
Definition
| UK Biobank field id | Description | Code | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20002 | Non-cancer illness code, self-reported | 1596 | pleural effusion |
| 41202 | Diagnoses - main ICD10 | J90 | Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified |
| 41202 | Diagnoses - main ICD10 | J91 | Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere |
| 41204 | Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 | J90 | Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified |
| 41204 | Diagnoses - secondary ICD10 | J91 | Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere |
| 40001 | Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 | J90 | Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified |
| 40001 | Underlying (primary) cause of death: ICD10 | J91 | Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere |
| 40002 | Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 | J90 | Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified |
| 40002 | Contributory (secondary) causes of death: ICD10 | J91 | Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H511000 | Pneumococcal pleurisy with effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H511100 | Staphylococcal pleurisy with effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H511200 | Streptococcal pleurisy with effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H511.00 | Bacterial pleurisy with effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H511z00 | Bacterial pleurisy with effusion NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51y400 | Hydrothorax |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51y500 | Chylous effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51y700 | Malignant pleural effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51y.00 | Other pleural effusion excluding mention of tuberculosis |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51yz00 | Other pleural effusion |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51z000 | Exudative pleurisy NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51z100 | Serofibrinous pleurisy NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51z200 | Serous pleurisy NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51z.00 | Pleural effusion NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51zz00 | Pleural effusion NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | Hyu7000 | [X]Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | H51z. | Pleural effusion NOS |
| 42040 | GP clinical event records | Xa0IL | Malignant pleural effusion |